The Colombian Scientific Diaspora in Switzerland
نویسنده
چکیده
2.1 Project Background, Case Study and Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 2.2 Causes and Characteristics of Colombian High Skilled Migration to Switzerland and Migrants’ Life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 2.2.1 Migration Determinants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 2.2.2 Migration Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232 2.2.3 Daily Life Experiences, Living and Working Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234 Positive First Experiences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 Negative First Experiences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237 Personal Identity in Question . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240 Balancing Work and Family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 Leisure Activities and Swiss Quality of Life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 Contacts with Other National Communities and Bi-national Couples . . . . . 245 2.2.4 Integration in the Host Country . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247 Trans-national Identity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 Skilled Migrants’ Residential Status and Dual Citizenship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 Lack of Integration Feelings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254 2.3 Brain Gain Mechanisms, Social Remittances and Other Trans-national Practices . . . 255 2.3.1 Scientific Diaspora Networks, R & D Initiatives and North-South Scientific Collaborations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 2.3.2 Knowledge Transfer, Social Remittances and Other Trans-national Practices . . . 261 2.3.3 Impact on Development in the Host Country . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262 2.3.4 Links with Families in the Country of Origin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
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